The Balabac Mouse Deer (Tragulus nigricans) is among the threatened mammal species of the Philippines. Despite its conservation importance, it is also the least studied species of mouse deer. In this study, the researchers provide the species current population and distribution status on the Balabac Island Group, Palawan. The researchers conducted the assessment between 4-15 July 2018 by establishing random transect lines and employing opportunistic searches and informal community interviews. The species population densities were calculated using the program DISTANCE. The researchers also performed an ensemble habitat suitability modeling using the ‘SSDM’ package of R. The calculated densities of mouse deer and area of predicted suitable habitats were utilized to estimate the species total population on its current range. There were 23 individuals of mouse deer observed from 14 transect lines, seven on mainland Balabac and 16 on Bugsuk. The analysis revealed that the Balabac Mouse Deer has an estimated density of 0.227±0.10/ha (CV = 44.90; lower CI =0.086; upper CI = 0.601) on Balabac island and 0.798±0.55/ha (CV-69.75; lower CI = 0.204; upper CI = 3.121) on Bugsuk. The product of density estimates and suitable habitat generated a total of 10,112 individuals of mouse deer. The results show the species is now restricted to at least three islands (mainland Balabac, Bugsuk, Pandanan), persisting at extremely low densities; and with the remaining populations are threatened by habitat conversion and direct persecution. The results indicate that there is an immediate need for conservation of the species and its remaining natural habitat.